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Political uncertainty is a key forex market driver, stimulating participation, order flow and volatility. Whether it's a forced regime change or democratic election, politics can quickly sway currency valuations around the globe. Accordingly, one of the most important forex market fundamentals is a U.S. General Election. Held on Tuesday, 3 November 2020, the U.S. General Election will decide the American government's makeup for years to come. Seats in the Senate…

The global equities markets are opportune environments for active traders and investors alike. Whether you're building a retirement portfolio or pursuing profitability from speculative endeavours, online stock trading could be a viable way of achieving any number of financial objectives. Fortunately for aspiring stock traders, getting started in the markets isn't all too difficult. In fact, it is possible to begin your journey into the marketplace by completing five basic…

For individuals new to the stock market, it is a little-known fact that there is an enormous difference between day trading and investing. Television and internet ads often promote each discipline with very similar tactics, suggesting that success is a foregone conclusion for almost anyone in the market. Elementary mantras such as "buy low and sell high" insinuate that making money is straightforward, even easy. While profit is the reason…

What Is A Loan Loss Provision? A loan loss provision is an amount of money a bank charges to its expenses on its income statement in anticipation that some of the loans it made will default. As a result, loan loss provisions reduce the bank's operating income. In 2020, loan loss provisions have been much in the news as many of the world's banks have announced major loan loss provisions…

What Are Investment-grade Bonds? Investment-grade bonds—also known as "high-grade" bonds—are debt securities issued by corporations and municipal governments that are generally considered to have a low risk of default. Bonds in this category are generally rated Baa or better by Moody's Investors Services and BBB or higher by S&P Global Ratings and Fitch Ratings, the three main credit rating agencies. By contrast, bonds rated below these designations are called non-investment…

What Are Animal Spirits? "Animal spirits" is a term coined by the British economist John Maynard Keynes to describe emotional or "gut" instincts by investors and businesspeople to take risks rather than based on any empirical evidence. Writing in his 1936 classic, "The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money," during the Great Depression, Keynes described animal spirits as "a spontaneous urge to action rather than inaction, and not as…

What Is A Junk Bond? Junk bonds are debt securities issued by corporations with poor credit ratings, which means they yield more than investment-grade bonds because of their greater risk of default. Junk bonds are also known as high-yield or non-investment-grade bonds. Junk bonds are generally classified as having credit ratings below Baa by Moody's Investors Services and BBB by S&P Global Ratings and Fitch Ratings, the three main credit…

What Is Yield Spread? The yield spread is the difference in yield between two different bonds. Investors use the yield spread to measure the relative value of two different securities, particularly as it pertains to credit quality but also to liquidity and supply, which can influence bond prices and yields. Yield spread is measured in basis points. Most commonly, yield spread is measured against a benchmark, usually the yield on…

What Are Annuities? An annuity is a contract in which an insurance company agrees to pay out a guaranteed sum of money to an investor, called the annuitant, for a specified period. The investor hands over a sum of money, either in a lump sum or over a period of time, to the insurance company, which agrees to make payments, usually monthly or quarterly, to the investor. Payout periods can…

What Is A Haircut? A haircut in finance has several meanings. It most commonly refers to the reduced value of a financial asset for purposes of calculating capital requirements, a lending margin or collateral level. It also refers to a loss an investor may have to take or accept on an asset. It means the difference between the bid and asked price of an asset as well, with that difference…

What Is A Bank Stress Test? Bank stress tests are administered by some of the world's major central banks to assess the ability of the largest commercial banks they oversee to withstand a major crisis in the economy and financial markets. Stress tests were largely instituted following the 2008 global financial crisis and have become a regular annual exercise in developed economies. In the U.S., for example, annual stress tests…